Question 1 of 40The ITIL Value System
A telecommunications provider is experiencing high call volumes at its service desk. The manager proposes automating call routing. Before doing this, the team reviews and simplifies the routing rules to remove contradictions and redundancies.
Which guiding principle is being correctly applied here?
AStart where you are
BFocus on value
C ✓Optimise and automate
DThink and work holistically
Explanation: 'Optimise and automate' requires simplifying and optimising before automating. The team is correctly removing contradictions (optimising) before automating — never automate a broken process.
Question 2 of 40The ITIL Value System
An organisation's senior leadership sets long-term direction, establishes policies for how decisions are made, and ensures the right accountability structures are in place across all IT services.
Which component of the ITIL Value System does this represent?
AGuiding principles
B ✓Governance
CValue chain
DPractices
Explanation: Governance is the component of the value system that provides the means by which an organisation is directed and controlled. Setting direction, establishing policies, and ensuring accountability are governance functions.
Question 3 of 40The ITIL Value System
A new CIO wants to improve service delivery but is overwhelmed by 15 years of accumulated complexity. An advisor recommends identifying what creates value and eliminating what does not.
Which guiding principle should guide this rationalisation?
AStart where you are
BThink and work holistically
CCollaborate and promote visibility
D ✓Keep it simple and practical
Explanation: 'Keep it simple and practical' advises eliminating anything that does not support outcomes. If a process, tool, or metric fails to provide value, it should be removed.
Question 4 of 40The ITIL Value System
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
In the continual improvement model, the step '[ ? ]' involves defining the target state the organisation is aiming to reach, using CSFs and KPIs to make the goal measurable.
AWhat is the vision?
B ✓Where do we want to be?
CHow do we get there?
DTake action
Explanation: 'Where do we want to be?' defines the next target state using CSFs (preconditions for success) and KPIs (measures of progress). Distinct from the vision (direction) and the plan (how to get there).
Question 5 of 40The ITIL Value System
An IT service management team uses a set of organisational resources — people, processes, tools, and knowledge — to handle all software deployment activities for the organisation.
What ITIL concept BEST describes this set of resources?
AValue stream
BOperating model
C ✓Practice
DGovernance framework
Explanation: A practice is a set of organisational resources designed for performing work or accomplishing an objective. People, processes, tools, and knowledge for software deployment together form a practice.
Question 6 of 40The ITIL Value System
Which TWO of the following BEST describe characteristics of the ITIL guiding principles?
1. They apply only to large enterprise organisations
2. They are recommendations, not mandatory rules
3. They apply in all circumstances
4. They must all be applied simultaneously to every situation
A1 and 4
B1 and 2
C ✓2 and 3
D3 and 4
Explanation: Guiding principles are recommendations (not mandatory rules) that apply in all circumstances regardless of organisation size. They do not all need to be applied simultaneously — the most relevant ones are selected.
Question 7 of 40The ITIL Value System
A service management team identifies an opportunity to improve their change management process. Before taking action, they assess KPIs, interview stakeholders, and review recent audit findings.
Which step of the continual improvement model does this represent?
AWhat is the vision?
BHow do we get there?
C ✓Where are we now?
DWhere do we want to be?
Explanation: 'Where are we now?' involves baseline assessments of the current state — reviewing KPIs, interviewing stakeholders, and analysing audits are all baseline assessment activities.
Question 8 of 40The ITIL Value System
A service desk manager sets a first-contact resolution target of 75% and identifies two preconditions: agents must have access to a knowledge base, and all must complete advanced troubleshooting training.
What are the two preconditions BEST called in ITIL terms?
AKey Performance Indicators
B ✓Critical Success Factors
CImprovement targets
DGuiding principles
Explanation: Critical Success Factors (CSFs) are necessary preconditions for achieving intended results. Having knowledge base access and training are preconditions — CSFs. The 75% target is the KPI measuring success.
Question 9 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A hospital uses a managed IT service to support its patient records system. Clinical staff use the system daily, while the IT procurement team defines service requirements and manages the contract.
Which roles do the clinical staff and the procurement team represent respectively?
ACustomers and sponsors
B ✓Users and customers
CConsumers and providers
DStakeholders and governance board
Explanation: Users are those who use services day to day — the clinical staff. Customers define requirements and take responsibility for outcomes — the IT procurement team managing the contract.
Question 10 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A printing company installs new high-speed printers for a client as part of a managed print service. Ownership of the printers transfers to the client at installation.
Which component of the service offering does this represent?
AService actions
BAccess to resources
C ✓Goods
DWarranties
Explanation: Goods are tangible resources transferred to the consumer with ownership and rights. The printers are transferred with ownership passing to the client — this is the goods component of the service offering.
Question 11 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
An operations team regularly performs system health checks, applies security patches, and restarts services proactively to prevent potential incidents — even when no issues are currently reported.
What ITIL term BEST describes these proactive maintenance tasks?
AIncidents
BService requests
C ✓Service actions
DChanges
Explanation: Service actions are actions performed by a service provider as part of agreed service delivery — including proactive maintenance activities. These are a component of the service offering.
Question 12 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
A [ ? ] is a documented agreement between a service provider and a customer that identifies the services required and specifies the expected level of service to be delivered.
AService charter
BOperational level agreement
C ✓Service level agreement
DUnderpinning contract
Explanation: A Service Level Agreement (SLA) is a documented agreement between a service provider and customer identifying services required and the expected level of service.
Question 13 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
An IT monitoring system detects that CPU usage on a production server has exceeded 90% for 15 consecutive minutes. An alert is triggered and sent to the operations team.
What ITIL term BEST describes the CPU threshold breach?
AIncident
BProblem
C ✓Event
DService request
Explanation: An event is any change of state that has significance for the management of a configuration item. The CPU threshold breach is a change of state — it is an event that triggers investigation.
Question 14 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A natural disaster floods a data centre, knocking out all services for several days. The organisation has no alternative data centre and cannot recover within its recovery time objectives.
What ITIL term BEST describes this event?
AMajor incident
BProblem
C ✓Disaster
DService disruption
Explanation: A disaster is a sudden, unplanned event that causes great damage or serious loss to an organisation. Flooding a data centre with no recovery capability within RTO is a disaster in ITIL terms.
Question 15 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
Which of the following is NOT an element of the value proposition when assessing whether a service delivers value?
APositive outcomes enabled
BCosts removed from the consumer
C ✓The number of features the service includes
DRisks removed from the consumer
Explanation: The value proposition considers positive/negative outcomes and costs/risks removed/introduced. The number of features is not a direct element — a service can have many features but still deliver no value.
Question 16 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
An IT organisation is implementing a new data analytics platform. The team needs to determine how data will be collected, stored, governed, and accessed — including which tools will support these activities.
Which dimension of service management is MOST relevant?
AOrganisations and people
B ✓Information and technology
CValue streams and processes
DPartners and suppliers
Explanation: Information and technology covers data, information management, tools, and technologies. Determining how data is collected, stored, governed, and accessed sits squarely in this dimension.
Question 17 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
An organisation relies on three external cloud providers for its core services but has not defined clear performance expectations, escalation procedures, or exit strategies for any of them.
Which dimension has been MOST neglected?
AValue streams and processes
BInformation and technology
C ✓Partners and suppliers
DOrganisations and people
Explanation: Partners and suppliers covers relationships with external organisations. Failing to define performance expectations, escalation paths, and exit strategies for cloud providers is a failure in this dimension.
Question 18 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
A new service requires staff to be trained in new processes, and managers to take on new responsibilities. HR and IT must work together to redesign job roles and reporting lines.
Which dimension is MOST relevant to this work?
AInformation and technology
B ✓Organisations and people
CValue streams and processes
DPartners and suppliers
Explanation: Organisations and people covers culture, leadership, structure, skills, competencies, and roles. Redesigning job roles, training staff, and restructuring reporting lines are all in this dimension.
Question 19 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
Which TWO of the following are included in the PESTLE external factors?
1. Organisational culture
2. Environmental sustainability regulations
3. Economic conditions
4. Internal staffing levels
A1 and 4
B ✓2 and 3
C1 and 3
D2 and 4
Explanation: PESTLE = Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental. Environmental regulations (E) and economic conditions (E) are both PESTLE factors. Organisational culture and internal staffing are internal factors.
Question 20 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
Before committing to develop a new payment method for its checkout, an e-commerce product team gathers requirements from customers, analyses competitor offerings, and reviews strategic plans.
Which lifecycle activity does this represent?
ADesign
BBuild
C ✓Discover
DAcquire
Explanation: Discover ensures continual alignment of product roadmaps with consumer needs and organisational strategy. Gathering requirements, analysing competitors, and reviewing strategy before committing is the Discover activity.
Question 21 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
A software system has been running without problems for 18 months. The operations team can trust that it will continue performing as expected under normal conditions.
What ITIL concept does this describe?
AObservability
BResilience
C ✓Reliability
DAvailability
Explanation: Reliability is the ability to perform its intended function for a specific period of time. A system running without problems for 18 months demonstrates reliability.
Question 22 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
Which of the following is NOT a DevOps practice covered in ITIL Foundation?
AContinuous integration
BObservability
CContinuous deployment
D ✓Waterfall development
Explanation: Continuous integration, observability, and continuous deployment are all DevOps practices covered in ITIL Foundation. Waterfall development is a traditional sequential methodology — not a DevOps practice.
Question 23 of 40Value stream identification, mapping, and management
An insurance company documents the complete end-to-end flow for processing a new policy application — from customer submission through underwriting, approval, and issuance. Each step and the teams responsible are mapped visually.
What is this document called?
AProcess model
BRACI matrix
C ✓Value stream map
DService blueprint
Explanation: A value stream map is the visual representation of a value stream showing each step, teams involved, and where time is spent. It is used to identify waste and optimisation opportunities.
Question 24 of 40Value stream identification, mapping, and management
An organisation has multiple value streams and the operations manager wants to ensure they are continuously reviewed, improved, and aligned to changing business needs.
What ITIL concept describes this ongoing management activity?
AValue stream mapping
B ✓Value stream management
CService portfolio management
DContinual improvement
Explanation: Value stream management is the ongoing management and improvement of value streams to improve flow and outcomes. Distinct from value stream mapping (a one-time analysis technique).
Question 25 of 40ITIL and AI
An AI system analyses thousands of knowledge base articles and service requests to surface the three most relevant articles for a support agent based on the ticket they are handling.
Which of the AI (6C) capabilities does this BEST represent?
ACreation
BClarification
C ✓Curation
DCoordination
Explanation: Curation is the AI capability for filtering, organising, and prioritising information. Surfacing the most relevant knowledge articles from a large library based on context is a Curation application.
Question 26 of 40ITIL and AI
An organisation deploying AI to automate expense claim approvals requires a full audit trail showing why the AI approved or rejected each claim, so any dispute can be investigated.
Which principle of AI governance does this requirement reflect?
AAI efficiency
B ✓AI transparency and explainability
CAI automation completeness
DAI cost reduction
Explanation: AI transparency and explainability requires that stakeholders can understand how AI decisions are made. An audit trail enabling investigation reflects the transparency principle of AI governance in ITIL v5.
Question 27 of 40ITIL and AI
An AI monitoring system detects an anomalous spike in database query times and automatically triggers a runbook that restarts the connection pool, resolving the latency issue before users are affected.
Which value chain activity and AI capability does this BEST represent?
ASupport — using AI Cognition to diagnose root causes
B ✓Operate — using AI Coordination to trigger automated remediation
CDeliver — using AI Communication to notify users proactively
DTransition — using AI Curation to validate deployment quality
Explanation: Operate is the value chain activity for maintaining and monitoring systems. AI Coordination orchestrates tasks — triggering a runbook automatically. This is the primary AI use case in ITIL v5.
Question 28 of 40ITIL and AI
An organisation trains an AI model using only data from its largest customer segment. When deployed, the model performs poorly for small business customers because their patterns differ significantly.
Which AI risk does this MOST represent?
AOver-reliance on automation
B ✓Bias due to unrepresentative training data
CLack of AI governance
DInsufficient observability
Explanation: Bias in AI occurs when training data does not adequately represent all groups. Training only on large customer data creates a model that is biased against small business customers.
Question 29 of 40ITIL and AI
Which of the following BEST describes the difference between AI and automation in ITIL?
AAutomation learns from data; AI follows fixed rules
B ✓AI learns and adapts from data; automation follows fixed pre-defined rules
CAI is only used in the Operate activity; automation applies across all activities
DAutomation requires human oversight; AI operates fully independently
Explanation: AI learns from data, identifies patterns, and adapts its behaviour. Automation follows fixed, pre-defined rules without learning. Both are tools under 'Optimise and automate' — but AI requires more governance.
Question 30 of 40ITIL and other frameworks
A product team uses Scrum to deliver software in two-week sprints. The ITSM team applies ITIL practices to manage resulting changes and incidents in production.
What does this demonstrate?
AScrum and ITIL are incompatible due to different change cadences
B ✓ITIL and Agile/Scrum frameworks can be used together complementarily
CITIL replaces Scrum once services are in production
DScrum must be adapted to follow ITIL's waterfall-style phases
Explanation: ITIL is designed to complement other frameworks. Scrum delivers software iteratively; ITIL manages the resulting live services. They operate in different domains and work together.
Question 31 of 40ITIL and AI
An organisation is deploying an AI tool to automate change risk assessments. The IT director insists that a human approver must review every risk assessment before the change proceeds, even if the AI recommends approval.
Which ITIL principle regarding AI does this BEST reflect?
AAI decisions must be fully automated to be efficient
B ✓Humans retain accountability for outcomes even when AI is used
CAI tools should only be used when humans are unavailable
DAI governance is separate from the value system governance
Explanation: ITIL v5 explicitly states that humans retain accountability for outcomes even when AI makes decisions. Human review reflects this principle — AI augments, not replaces, human responsibility.
Question 32 of 40ITIL and AI
An IT organisation is evaluating whether to deploy an AI model that autonomously decides which servers to shut down during peak load. The security team insists all shutdown decisions require human confirmation before execution.
Which AI principle does the security team's requirement reflect?
AAI should maximise autonomous operation to reduce costs
B ✓AI decisions affecting critical infrastructure require human oversight and accountability
CAI is too immature to be used for infrastructure management
DHuman approval is only needed when AI confidence falls below 90%
Explanation: ITIL v5 requires human accountability and oversight for AI decisions — particularly those affecting critical systems. Humans must remain in control of high-impact decisions even when AI is capable of making them autonomously.
Question 33 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A software company's sales team uses a CRM application daily to manage customer relationships. The CRM is cloud-based — the team uses it without managing servers, databases, or software updates.
In ITIL terms, what role do the sales team members play?
ACustomers
BSponsors
C ✓Users
DOperators
Explanation: Users are those who use services on a daily basis to support their work. The sales team uses the CRM day to day but does not define requirements or fund it — they are users, not customers.
Question 34 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
An organisation decides to outsource its software testing to a specialist firm. Before signing the contract, the IT manager assesses the firm's quality standards, communication practices, and exit strategy options.
Which dimension is MOST relevant to this assessment?
AInformation and technology
BValue streams and processes
COrganisations and people
D ✓Partners and suppliers
Explanation: Partners and suppliers covers relationships with external organisations providing services. Assessing a supplier's quality standards, communication, and exit options is squarely in the Partners and Suppliers dimension.
Question 35 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
A platform engineering team instruments every microservice with detailed logging, metrics, and distributed tracing to understand how requests flow across services and where failures occur.
Which ITIL concept does this infrastructure capability BEST support?
AContinuous deployment
BReliability (SRE)
C ✓Observability
DContinuous integration
Explanation: Observability is the ability to understand the internal state of a system by analysing its outputs — including logs, metrics, and traces. Instrumentation across microservices builds observability to understand system behaviour.
Question 36 of 40The ITIL Value System
A report shows 60% of improvement initiatives have failed to deliver their promised outcomes. The primary reason: teams pursued improvements without connecting them to the organisation's strategic goals.
Which step of the continual improvement model was being skipped?
AWhere are we now?
B ✓What is the vision?
CHow do we get there?
DTake action
Explanation: 'What is the vision?' aligns improvement goals with business goals. Improvements not connected to strategic goals fail because they lack purpose — skipping the vision step is the root cause described.
Question 37 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
Which of the following is NOT an example of a risk that a service removes from a consumer?
A ✓Dependency on a service provider that could raise prices or exit the market
BThe risk of hardware failure affecting the consumer's operations
CThe risk of a data breach due to inadequate internal security skills
DThe cost of recruiting and retaining specialist IT staff
Explanation: Provider dependency — the risk the provider raises prices or exits the market — is a risk INTRODUCED by the service, not removed. Hardware failure risk, breach risk, and staff recruitment cost are risks the service removes from the consumer.
Question 38 of 40The ITIL Value System
A service improvement programme targets 95% customer satisfaction within 6 months. The programme manager identifies two preconditions: the support team must be trained in empathetic communication, and a customer feedback tool must be deployed.
What are these two preconditions MOST correctly called?
AKey Performance Indicators
BContinual improvement steps
CGuiding principle applications
D ✓Critical Success Factors
Explanation: Critical Success Factors (CSFs) are necessary preconditions for achieving intended results. Training and the feedback tool are preconditions — CSFs. The 95% satisfaction score is the KPI that measures whether the target has been achieved.
Question 39 of 40ITIL and AI
Which TWO of the following BEST describe characteristics of the AI (6C) Capability Model in ITIL v5?
1. It describes six ways AI can be applied to service management activities
2. It replaces human roles in all six capability areas
3. It includes Cognition as the AI capability for reasoning and decision support
4. It is only applicable to the Operate activity of the value chain
A1 and 4
B2 and 3
C ✓1 and 3
D2 and 4
Explanation: The AI (6C) model describes six ways AI can be applied (Creation, Curation, Cognition, Clarification, Communication, Coordination). Cognition covers reasoning and decision support. AI does not replace human roles and applies across all value chain activities.
Question 40 of 40ITIL and other frameworks
A manufacturing company uses Six Sigma to reduce defects and ITIL to manage IT services. The IT manager notes that Six Sigma's data-driven, process improvement focus aligns well with ITIL's continual improvement model.
What does this alignment demonstrate?
ASix Sigma and ITIL are identical frameworks with different names
BITIL replaces the need for Six Sigma in mature organisations
C ✓ITIL is designed to complement and integrate with other improvement frameworks
DSix Sigma can only be applied to manufacturing, not IT service management
Explanation: ITIL is designed to complement and integrate with other frameworks. Six Sigma's data-driven improvement focus aligns naturally with ITIL's continual improvement model. They address different domains but work well together.