Question 1 of 40The ITIL Value System
After a new customer service platform goes live, the operations team monitors performance, applies patches, and resolves any degradation in service quality day to day.
Which value chain activity does this represent?
ADeliver
BSupport
C ✓Operate
DTransition
Explanation: Operate maintains and monitors digital products and supporting systems, ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Day-to-day running and performance management are Operate responsibilities.
Question 2 of 40The ITIL Value System
An airline's IT team is responsible for onboarding customers to a new frequent flyer mobile app, including account setup, in-app training, and managing early feedback from users after launch.
Which value chain activity BEST covers these responsibilities?
ATransition
BBuild
COperate
D ✓Deliver
Explanation: Deliver provides services to users, manages user onboarding and offboarding, maintains service quality standards, and gathers consumer feedback — all of which the airline IT team is doing post-launch.
Question 3 of 40The ITIL Value System
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
The ITIL Value System includes five components: guiding principles, governance, the value chain, [ ? ], and continual improvement.
AOperating models
B ✓Practices
CService catalogue
DStakeholder maps
Explanation: The five components of the ITIL Value System are: guiding principles, governance, the value chain, practices, and continual improvement.
Question 4 of 40The ITIL Value System
A software company releases a new version of its product. The team carefully plans the rollout, schedules a maintenance window, and prepares a rollback plan to ensure the change does not disrupt existing customers.
Which value chain activity does this BEST describe?
ABuild
BOperate
C ✓Transition
DDeliver
Explanation: Transition seamlessly introduces new or updated products into operational environments. Planning the rollout, scheduling maintenance windows, and preparing rollback plans are all Transition activities.
Question 5 of 40The ITIL Value System
Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between the value chain and a value stream?
AThe value chain is a specific instance of a value stream
B ✓A value stream is a specific path through the value chain activities
CThe value chain and value stream are two names for the same thing
DA value stream contains multiple value chains
Explanation: The value chain provides the 8 available activities. A value stream is a specific combination and sequence of those activities used to deliver a particular outcome. Same chain, different routes.
Question 6 of 40The ITIL Value System
Which of the following is NOT one of the eight value chain activities in ITIL Foundation?
ADiscover
B ✓Govern
CAcquire
DTransition
Explanation: The 8 value chain activities are: Discover, Design, Acquire, Build, Transition, Operate, Deliver, Support. 'Govern' is not a value chain activity — governance is a component of the value system, not the chain.
Question 7 of 40The ITIL Value System
A retail bank needs to improve its mortgage application processing time. Before making any changes, the IT manager reviews the existing workflow, tools, and team capabilities already in place.
Which guiding principle is the IT manager applying?
AFocus on value
BProgress iteratively with feedback
C ✓Start where you are
DThink and work holistically
Explanation: 'Start where you are' advises assessing what already exists before making changes. The IT manager is reviewing the existing state rather than assuming everything needs to be replaced.
Question 8 of 40The ITIL Value System
An improvement team has completed a process redesign and is ready to automate steps to speed up processing. A consultant recommends automating the redesigned process as-is.
Which guiding principle is being correctly applied here?
AKeep it simple and practical
B ✓Optimise and automate
CStart where you are
DCollaborate and promote visibility
Explanation: 'Optimise and automate' states that organisations should first simplify and optimise, then automate. The team has already redesigned (optimised) the process and is now automating — applying the principle correctly.
Question 9 of 40The ITIL Value System
The ITIL continual improvement model asks 'What is the vision?' as its first step.
What should the vision be aligned with?
AThe current baseline assessment
BThe available technology tools
C ✓Business goals and objectives
DThe team's preferred improvement approach
Explanation: In the continual improvement model, the vision must be aligned with business goals and objectives — not technology, team preferences, or current state. This links to the 'Focus on value' guiding principle.
Question 10 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A company subscribes to a payroll processing service. The finance team does not manage the payroll software, servers, or data security — the provider handles everything under a monthly fee.
What does the finance team represent in this service relationship?
AService provider
BSponsor
C ✓Service consumer
DOperating model owner
Explanation: A service consumer is an organisation responsible for procuring and using services. The company uses the payroll service without managing the underlying resources — they are the service consumer.
Question 11 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
[ ? ] is the amount of money spent on a specific activity, resource, product, or service. It can be removed or introduced by a service, and both possibilities must be considered in the value proposition.
ARisk
B ✓Cost
CUtility
DValue
Explanation: Cost is the amount of money spent. Services can remove costs from consumers (positive) or introduce new costs (negative). Both must be factored into the value proposition.
Question 12 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A new expense management app is technically excellent — available 99.9% of the time. However, the finance team refuses to use it because it doesn't support the multi-currency approvals they require.
What problem does this BEST illustrate?
AThe app has poor warranty but good utility
B ✓The app has good warranty but lacks utility
CThe app has neither utility nor warranty
DThe outcome is negative despite good warranty
Explanation: Warranty is fit for use (availability, reliability) — the app has this. Utility is fit for purpose (does what users need) — the app lacks this because it doesn't support multi-currency approvals. Both are needed for value.
Question 13 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A cloud provider experiences an unexpected outage that takes its file storage service offline for 4 hours, preventing thousands of business customers from accessing their files.
What ITIL term describes this event from the customers' perspective?
AProblem
BKnown error
C ✓Incident
DChange
Explanation: An incident is an unplanned interruption to a service or reduction in service quality. The outage is unplanned and causes loss of service — it is an incident.
Question 14 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
After investigating recurring database incidents, the root cause is identified: a memory leak in the database software. The engineering team documents the finding but cannot fix it immediately due to a vendor dependency.
What ITIL term describes this situation?
AIncident
BEvent
C ✓Known error
DChange
Explanation: A known error is a problem that has been analysed but has not been resolved. The root cause (memory leak) is identified and documented, but cannot yet be fixed — this is the definition of a known error.
Question 15 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
Which of the following is NOT a risk that a service might introduce to a consumer?
AData breach due to inadequate security controls
BDependency on a provider that could become unavailable
C ✓Reduced workload for internal IT staff
DCompliance exposure due to poor data handling
Explanation: Reduced workload for internal IT staff is a benefit gained — not a risk introduced. Data breach, provider dependency failure, and compliance exposure are all genuine risks a service might introduce.
Question 16 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
An employee contacts the IT service desk to request that Zoom be installed on their laptop. This is a standard request available to all staff through the IT catalogue.
What ITIL term BEST describes this request?
AIncident
BProblem
C ✓Service request
DChange
Explanation: A service request initiates a service action agreed as a normal part of service delivery. Installing pre-approved software from the IT catalogue is a routine, pre-agreed action — a service request, not an incident.
Question 17 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
An IT team is redesigning its incident management process to reduce resolution times. The team maps each step, identifies who is responsible, and specifies how information flows between teams.
Which of the four dimensions is MOST relevant to this work?
AInformation and technology
BPartners and suppliers
C ✓Value streams and processes
DOrganisations and people
Explanation: Value streams and processes covers the activities, workflows, controls, and procedures needed to create value. Redesigning the incident management workflow and information flows is directly within this dimension.
Question 18 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
A global IT services company operates across 30 countries with very different team cultures — some highly collaborative, others siloed. This cultural variation is affecting the consistency of service delivery.
Which dimension is MOST relevant?
APartners and suppliers
BInformation and technology
CValue streams and processes
D ✓Organisations and people
Explanation: Organisations and people covers culture, leadership, team structure, skills, and communication. The cultural variation affecting service consistency is an Organisations and People dimension issue.
Question 19 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
The [ ? ] factors — Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental — represent external influences that constrain and shape all Four Dimensions of Product and Service Management.
AVOIP
BDIKW
C ✓PESTLE
DSTOPKFC
Explanation: PESTLE factors are the external environmental influences affecting all Four Dimensions of Product and Service Management. They are outside the organisation's direct control but must be considered when designing and managing digital products and services.
Question 20 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
Which of the following is NOT one of the Four Dimensions of Product and Service Management?
AValue streams and processes
B ✓Continual improvement
CPartners and suppliers
DInformation and technology
Explanation: The Four Dimensions of Product and Service Management are: Value streams and processes, Organisations and people, Information and technology, Partners and suppliers. Continual improvement is a component of the Service Value System — not one of the four dimensions. ITIL v5 updated the name from "Four Dimensions of Service Management" to "Four Dimensions of Product and Service Management" to reflect the framework's broader digital product scope.
Question 21 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
After a major incident, a financial services firm creates a detailed document describing the exact requirements, security controls, performance targets, and integration points for a replacement system.
What is this document called in ITIL terms?
APrototype
BService charter
C ✓Specification
DRelease note
Explanation: A specification is a detailed document that outlines critical aspects, requirements, and characteristics of a product or service to be built. It is produced during the Design activity.
Question 22 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
A development team integrates code changes multiple times per day. Each integration automatically triggers a build and runs a suite of tests. Any failure immediately alerts the developer who made the change.
What practice is this?
AContinuous deployment
B ✓Continuous integration
CSite Reliability Engineering
DContinuous delivery
Explanation: Continuous integration involves automated builds and tests on every code commit. Immediate failure notification is a key characteristic distinguishing it from continuous delivery or deployment.
Question 23 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
A software team uses a pipeline where every change that passes all automated tests is automatically deployed to the live production environment without any manual approval step.
What practice is this?
AContinuous integration
BContinuous delivery
C ✓Continuous deployment
DObservability
Explanation: Continuous deployment automatically deploys every change that passes automated tests directly to production — no manual approval. Continuous delivery keeps the pipeline ready to deploy but requires a human release decision.
Question 24 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
[ ? ] is the ability to understand the internal state of a system by analysing its outputs — such as logs, metrics, and traces — rather than requiring direct inspection of internal components.
AMonitoring
BReliability
C ✓Observability
DSite Reliability Engineering
Explanation: Observability is the ability to understand the state of a system by analysing its outputs. It goes beyond monitoring to enable understanding of unexpected system behaviours.
Question 25 of 40Value stream identification, mapping, and management
An energy company maps its process for handling new customer connections and finds the average end-to-end time is 14 days, but only 2 days involve actual work — the rest is waiting.
What is the primary purpose of this analysis?
ATo document the process for compliance purposes
B ✓To identify and eliminate waste in the value stream
CTo train new staff on the connection process
DTo define the service level agreement for new connections
Explanation: Value stream mapping is used to identify waste — including wait time. The analysis showing 12 days of waiting vs 2 days of work reveals where to focus improvement efforts.
Question 26 of 40Value stream identification, mapping, and management
An organisation notices its software release value stream consistently stalls at the security review stage — releases queue there for an average of 8 days. This is the longest delay in the entire stream.
What is the security review stage called in value stream analysis?
AWait time
BLead time
CConstraint
D ✓Bottleneck
Explanation: A bottleneck is the stage that most constrains the flow of a value stream — where work queues longest. The security review causing 8-day queues is the bottleneck.
Question 27 of 40ITIL and AI
An AI system automatically classifies incoming support tickets into categories and assigns them to the correct team without human intervention.
Which of the AI (6C) capabilities does this BEST represent?
ACognition
BCuration
CCommunication
D ✓Coordination
Explanation: Coordination is the AI capability for orchestrating tasks and workflows — such as automatically routing tickets to the right team.
Question 28 of 40ITIL and AI
Before deploying an AI model to assess change risk, an organisation tests it against 2 years of historical data and finds it under-predicts risk for changes made on Fridays.
What type of AI risk is being identified?
AOver-reliance on automation
BLack of transparency
C ✓Bias in AI outputs
DInsufficient AI maturity
Explanation: Bias in AI outputs occurs when training data does not adequately represent all scenarios. Friday changes may be under-represented — creating a model that is biased in that context.
Question 29 of 40ITIL and AI
An AI model summarises lengthy incident reports into 3-sentence executive briefings that non-technical stakeholders can quickly understand and act on.
Which of the AI (6C) capabilities does this BEST represent?
ACreation
B ✓Clarification
CCuration
DCognition
Explanation: Clarification is the AI capability for explaining, translating, and simplifying complex information for different audiences. Summarising a technical incident report into non-technical executive language is Clarification.
Question 30 of 40ITIL and AI
An organisation plans to use AI to automatically handle all first-line support tickets, removing all human agents from the process. The IT director is concerned this removes the safety net for complex or sensitive cases.
Which principle of responsible AI use does the IT director's concern reflect?
AAI should always be fully automated to maximise efficiency
BAI must be transparent about how it reaches decisions
C ✓Humans must remain accountable and in control of outcomes
DAI should only be used for low-risk activities
Explanation: ITIL v5 requires that humans retain accountability and oversight even when AI is used. Removing all human involvement removes accountability and the ability to handle edge cases.
Question 31 of 40ITIL and AI
An AI system generates a first draft of a service specification based on requirements entered by the service designer. The designer then reviews and refines the draft.
Which of the AI (6C) capabilities does this BEST represent?
ACuration
BCoordination
CCognition
D ✓Creation
Explanation: Creation is the AI capability for generating new content, artefacts, or solutions. Generating a first draft specification from requirements is a Creation application — AI produces something new for the designer to refine.
Question 32 of 40ITIL and other frameworks
A DevOps team releases small, frequent changes to production with automated testing at every stage. The IT manager notes this aligns well with ITIL thinking.
Which ITIL guiding principle does this MOST align with?
AThink and work holistically
BStart where you are
C ✓Progress iteratively with feedback
DKeep it simple and practical
Explanation: Small frequent releases with feedback loops at each stage directly aligns with ITIL's 'Progress iteratively with feedback' guiding principle — working in smaller steps and learning from each cycle.
Question 33 of 40ITIL and AI
An organisation trains an AI model to prioritise support tickets. Six months later, the service desk manager notices that tickets from certain teams are consistently deprioritised compared to others with similar urgency.
Which AI risk does this scenario MOST likely represent?
AOver-reliance on automation
BLack of data governance
C ✓Bias in AI outputs
DInsufficient AI maturity
Explanation: Bias in AI outputs occurs when the model reflects imbalances in its training data — systematically deprioritising tickets from certain teams. This is an AI ethics and fairness risk in ITIL v5.
Question 34 of 40ITIL and AI
An AI system analyses historical service desk data and automatically generates a weekly report highlighting the top 5 recurring issues, the teams affected, and suggested remediation actions.
Which of the AI (6C) capabilities does this BEST represent?
ACommunication
BCoordination
C ✓Cognition
DCreation
Explanation: Cognition is the AI capability for reasoning, analysing patterns, and supporting decisions. Identifying recurring issues from historical data and suggesting remediation is Cognition — not just generating content (Creation).
Question 35 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A managed service provider assigns dedicated account managers to its three largest clients, co-develops service improvement roadmaps with them, and shares strategic planning sessions.
What type of service relationship does this BEST represent for those three clients?
ABasic (transactional)
BCooperative (customised)
C ✓Collaborative (partnership)
DContractual (SLA-driven)
Explanation: A Collaborative (partnership) service relationship involves deep shared goals, co-development, and strategic alignment. Dedicated account management, shared roadmaps, and joint strategic planning characterise this relationship type.
Question 36 of 40The ITIL Value System
A project team improving the organisation's change management process is reminded by their team lead to consider the impact on incident management, problem management, and the teams who will use the new process.
Which guiding principle is the team lead reinforcing?
AStart where you are
BKeep it simple and practical
CFocus on value
D ✓Think and work holistically
Explanation: 'Think and work holistically' requires understanding how all parts of the organisation work together. Considering the impact of changes on related practices and teams reflects this principle.
Question 37 of 40Value stream identification, mapping, and management
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
A [ ? ] is a series of steps an organisation uses to create and deliver products and services to a service consumer — representing a specific path through the value chain activities.
AValue chain
BOperating model
C ✓Value stream
DProcess
Explanation: A value stream is a series of steps an organisation uses to create and deliver products and services to a service consumer. It is a specific path through the value chain — selecting only the activities needed for that outcome.
Question 38 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
A retail organisation's e-commerce platform experienced a 3-second increase in average page load time during peak hours. Users began abandoning carts. The operations team detected the issue and restored performance within 30 minutes.
Which value chain activity was MOST involved in detecting and resolving this?
ATransition
BBuild
CDeliver
D ✓Operate
Explanation: Operate maintains and monitors digital products and supporting systems. Detecting performance degradation through monitoring and restoring normal performance is a core Operate responsibility.
Question 39 of 40The ITIL Value System
An IT organisation is preparing for a major audit. The audit team requests evidence showing how IT activities connect to business outcomes and demonstrate value to stakeholders.
Which component of the ITIL Value System most directly addresses this requirement?
A ✓Governance
BGuiding principles
CContinual improvement
DPractices
Explanation: Governance is the means by which an organisation is directed and controlled — including accountability and demonstrating value. Audit evidence connecting IT activities to business outcomes is a governance requirement.
Question 40 of 40Value stream identification, mapping, and management
After mapping its change management value stream, an organisation discovers that change requests spend 6 days waiting for the weekly Change Advisory Board meeting, which approves 95% of requests unchanged.
What is the MOST appropriate improvement action?
AIncrease the size of the CAB to review more requests per meeting
BReplace the CAB entirely with AI-automated approvals
C ✓Move the CAB to daily meetings or introduce pre-approved standard change categories
DAccept the 6-day wait as necessary control overhead
Explanation: A 6-day wait with 95% unchanged approvals indicates the CAB is a bottleneck. Daily meetings or pre-approving standard changes (which rarely need modification) eliminates the wait time without reducing control quality.